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FFF as a fast and powerful tool for high-end characterization of nano-scale materials
A variety of different nano applications are described in this presentation, they illustrate the universal applicability of FFF. With a single FFF channel sizes ranging from a few nanometers up to several microns can be characterized. The separation can be customized just by simple adjustment of the cross-flow or centrifugal gradient.

Polymer characterization using thermal FFF
This application note shows an analysis of PS and PMMA by SEC and thermal FFF, and an investigation of PEO-PS homopolymer mix by thermal FFF.

Latex nanoparticle analysis by flow FFF - DLS coupling
The FFF-Platform using different FFF variants in combination with appropriate detectors, such as DLS or MALS is a highly valuable tool for accurate analysis and reliable results. It was shown that FFF-DLS online-coupling is a powerful tool for analysis of mixed latex nanoparticles as traditional batch DLS measurements suffer from a „size-averaging“ effect generating missleading data.

Application of flow and thermal field-flow fractionation for optimized separation of various polymer systems
In this application, it was demonstrated that SEC coupled to a light scattering detector is not sufficient for analyzing ultra-high molar mass or strongly branched polymer samples. A complete analysis of branched LDPE with HT-AF4 was shown and the correct separation was confirmed with NIST reference material.

Separation and speciation of nanoparticles with different field-flow fractionation techniques
The presented work illustrates the broad applicability of the different FFF-techniques for characterization of nanomaterial from different origin in various matrices. The note presents and shows a comparison of asymmetric flow FFF (AF4) and centrifugal FFF (CF3).

Postnova model 9050 ICP-MS hardware interface
PN9050 is a special Interface for Agilent ICP-MS systems: it supports Agilent 7500 and 7700 ICP-MS.

Field-flow fractionation with single particle ICP-MS as an online detector
This application note reports direct hyphenation of spICP-MS to the asymmetrical flow FFF (AF4) system for size- and number- based characterization of a mixture of gold nanoparticles.

Comparison of sensitivity: silica nanoparticles studied by Zetasizer Nano S vs. ZSP coupled online with centrifugal field-flow fractionation
In this application, SiO2 nanoparticles were used to show the separation efficiency of centrifugal FFF combined with online-DLS for silica nanoparticles. A 3:2:1 mixture of SiO2 NPs (w%) with average size diameters of 160 nm, 200 nm and 500 nm diluted in water (MilliQ, 10-18 MΩ) with 0.05% NovaChem100 (v/v) was prepared and injected into the FFF system.

Hyphenation of asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation and ICP-MS for multi-element analysis and characterization of plasma proteins
In this study, asymmetrical flow FFF (AF4) was used to separate a mixture of human serum albumin - binding 63Cu and transferrin - binding 56Fe metal ions. The AF4 system separated the proteins by size and detected the metal ions by ICP-MS to obtain metal distributions of the protein mixture.

Centrifugal field-flow fractionation hyphenated with dynamic light scattering for size characterization of nanoparticle systems for biopharmaceutical applications
The hyphenation of centrifugal FFF with dynamic light scattering has proven to be an ideal tool for the investigation of particle sizes even in complex matrices such as e.g., cell medium. CF3-DLS thereby for the first time not only enabled the detection, but also the evaluation of the particle integrity as well as the monitoring of particle size alterations of PLGA NPs directly in cell medium over time.

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